The world’s stock of natural resources, including soil, water, air, and biodiversity, which support ecosystem services.
The inherent capacity of soil to supply nutrients to plants without external inputs.
Materials and elements provided by nature, such as soil, water, forests, and minerals, essential for human survival.
Microscopic roundworms living in soil, some of which are plant parasites while others regulate microbial populations.
The rate at which plants accumulate biomass after subtracting the energy they use for respiration.
The microbial process converting ammonium to nitrate, making nitrogen more available to plants but prone to leaching.
The natural circulation of nitrogen through soil, plants, animals, and the atmosphere, involving processes such as fixation, mineralization, and denitrification.
The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into plant-available forms, carried out by certain bacteria, often in symbiosis with legumes.
The ratio of crop yield or nitrogen uptake to the amount of nitrogen applied as fertilizer.
A specialized root structure formed by legumes where nitrogen-fixing bacteria live.
